Clinical Immunology

\r\n Epidemiology Deals about Public Health, simply the study and analysis of the transmission patterns and determinants of health, diseased conditions, outbreak investigation, and disease control by evaluating the efficacy of preventative measures and treatments in defined populations.

\r\n Prevention is better than cure should be the public health goal. Increasing the resistance from infectious diseases is much facile to prevent a disease than to treat it as immunizations aim to do this by making a person immune. Immunization or vaccines administrate the prevention by stimulating the whole immune system to protect an individual’s body against the disease or infection.

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How the Immune System respond to the pathogens, and its function in the human body. The mortality rate is completely depends upon the degree of how immune system response is tolerated by the body.

\r\n Auto Immune diseases mainly related with decreased metabolic rate, decreased thermogenesis, weak immune system. Lessen immunity through various auto immune disorders and chronic diseases in the general population that increasingly affect HIV-infected people. Prevalence of autoimmune diseases in HIV-infected patients is more frequent.

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\r\n The interplay between the immune system and Cancer cells is studied under Cancer or Tumor Immunology. It mainly aims to discover innovative cancer immunotherapies to treat and delay the progression of disease. A Biological therapy of the lymph system which consists of white blood cells, organs and tissues to give a therapeutic action against the disease is the Immunotherapy

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\r\n Ageing is the indicator of the immune function, as the increased age will increase the Severity of Infections and decrease the immunity. Immunosenescence explains well about this phenomenon.

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\r\n Autoimmune Diseases which covers the symptoms like square measure swelling of the nasal tissue layer, fretful burning eyes, sneezing, wheezing, fullness within the ears and numerous skin rashes like hives, or hypersensitivity reaction, probably a fatal reaction due to Exposure to environmental triggers or allergens.

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\r\n A child is Healthier when the components of immune system work properly, Immune System acts as a Guard which is designed to repulse harmful organisms from invading and doing damage to the body. It is the Complex of cells, tissues, proteins and organs that work together to fight off microorganisms such as fungi, viruses, parasites and bacteria. Immune Malfunction may cause their body to respond with several health problems such as asthma, hay fever, hives, eczema, or a very severe and unusual reaction called anaphylaxis.

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\r\n Immunoresearch is the preclinical, clinical and commercial proof of advanced technologies evolved till now. This is the significant medium for the introduction, translation, and elucidation of complex logical information for future advancements. Immunotechnology innovations results in the Therapeutic modulation of the immune system – using the body’s own defenses to fight has become an important emerging unit of pharmaceutical research and development, revolutionizing the treatment of many life-threatening and enervating diseases

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\r\n Immune System acts as a Host, which is responsive to identify the foreign molecules without implying either positive or negative physiologic consequences. The main fundamental principle of immune system in the body is to surveillance the non-related organisms, control of infection. This is known as an Immune recognition, which will lead to either immunity or tolerance. Other features of Immune System are having the capacity for memory, the subsequent ability to amplify the response, the ability to discriminate self from nonselfs which are crucial in preventing uncontrolled autoimmune disease

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\r\n Neuroimmunology deals with the study concerning our central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord) to the immune system. Heightening of novel pharmacological treatments for numerous neurological issues was resulted under this study. The immune system has a bond with nervous system by connecting with sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves to lymphoid organs. Neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine, norepinephrine, vasoactive intestinal peptide, element P and histamine modulate immune activity. The immune system sways brain activity with body temperature, sleep and feeding performance. Researchers are discovering mutual ideas like the synapse to understand properties such as recall that are common in the Immune and Neuro systems.

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\r\n Immunogenicity stimulates the immune response. It is the ability of an antigen to generate immune responses, which can be humoral and or cell-mediated immune responses. Understanding immunogenicity is a key challenge in the development of technology with many biologics. The study of immune dysfunction is called Immunotoxicology. It occurs due to exposure of an organism to foreign chemical substance found within an organism that is unnaturally produced by or unexpected to be present within that organism. Immune dysfunction results in the reduction of the activity of the immune system.

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\r\n Food Allergy & Drug Allergy encompasses an immune response in the body that develops an allergic reaction to a specific food & medicine. This is due to the sensitivity of the immune system. The allergens provokes the immune system response which effect in the commute of histamine other substances in the body and results in various symptoms like abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea, rashes, itching and swelling (rash or nettle rash), in the upper airways, a runny nose or sneezing; in the lower airways, a wheeze or cough.

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\r\n Immunity is the power against an infection or disease. Immunity is boosted and developed through Immunization which is often stated as less risky and an appropriate way to become immune to a particular disease than risking a milder form of the disease itself. Immunity is necessary for every adult and youngsters therein they will shield themselves from the numerous infectious diseases out there.

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\r\n Bio-informatics is the guideline to Immunologists, bioinformatics can be applied to the study of human genetics and evolution, and it used to inform immunology research. Immunomics is the combination of immunology and computational biology. Techniques have been used to analyze how major histocompatibility complex affects one’s interaction with Micro-organisms and capacity of host stress affecting the pathogenicity. bioinformatics combines biology, arithmetic, technology, and engineering to investigate and elucidate biological information.

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\r\n Application of microbiology, cellular immunology is usually introduced with Clinical principles of immunology. Lymphocytes secrete Antibodies, which are proteins that neutralize the disease-causing microorganisms. The functions of immune system, cells and other cellular activities were studied under these subjects.

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\r\n A progress of Clinical Immunology has been seen in the course of recent decades like clinical trial works of Immunologists has led to a great extent in finding several treatments including essential immunodeficiency, immune system rheumatic ailment and systemic vasculitis, hypersensitivity, pediatric centers for kids with immunodeficiency and sensitivity and immunoglobulin imbuement facilities for patients with lack of immunity etc. the Clinical Immunology research will provide a keen demonstrative report, clinical contact, digital enhancement, elucidation and approval of results, quality confirmation and test improvement and future advancements.

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